In a wet scrubber process air is drawn through a mist of water made by spray nozzles, then through separators where water droplets with dust and particles are removed
- 2.5.4 Scrubber Design. Particulate matter (PM) is the general term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in air. M o l e c u l a r w e i g h t = 2 9. 4 5K g / K m o l I f g a s f l o w r a t e i s g i v e n i n k g / h I f g a s f l o w r a t e i s g i v e n i n m 3 / h G a s i n = 0. 0 1 K m o l / s G a s i n x p r.
- 2.5.4 Scrubber Design. Particulate matter (PM) is the general term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in air. M o l e c u l a r w e i g h t = 2 9. 4 5K g / K m o l I f g a s f l o w r a t e i s g i v e n i n k g / h I f g a s f l o w r a t e i s g i v e n i n m 3 / h G a s i n = 0. 0 1 K m o l / s G a s i n x p r.
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Air scrubbers are commonly used in process-air applications to eliminate potentially harmful dust and pollutants. A liquid, in general water added with active chemicals adapted to the process, is sprayed in to the air flow. Aerosol and gaseous pollutants in the air stream are removed by either absorption or chemical reactions with the water solution.
A schematic drawing of a typical spray nozzle scrubber configuration is shown below.
Water with chemicals are sprayed with high pressure through nozzles into the air flow. Some of the water evaporates, especially if the process-air is hot, and disappear with the exhaust. Water droplets are separated from the exhaust and re-circulated back to the water reservoir. Evaporated water is replaced by fresh water and chemicals. Dust and pollution products from the process are removed periodically through the drain.
Wet Scrubber Basic Configurations
The basic scrubber configurations are:
- Orifice scrubbers - air or gas velocity is increased through an orifice - increased turbulence atomize the water droplets
- Venturi scrubbers - air or gas velocity is increased through a venturi shape - increased turbulence atomize the water droplets
- Fiber-bed scrubbers - air passes through wet-laden fiber mats where mists are collected. Not suited if solid particles are present in the air since the fiber mats may plug
- Mechanical scrubbers - a mechanical driven rotor produces the fine water droplets in the air
- Impingement-plate scrubber - vertical scrubber with horizontal plates, air flows from bottom to top, water flows from top to bottom
- Spray nozzle scrubbers - water are sprayed with high pressure through nozzles to produce the droplets in the air
Typical Scrubber Data
- Cleaning efficiency: 70% of fine dust and 80% of coarse dirt
- Air velocity through the washer: 2 - 3 m/s
- Air flow pressure drop resistance: 50 - 140 N/m2
- Water pressure before nozzles: 100 - 170 kN/m2
- Water consumption: 0.45 - 0.55 l/m3 air (depends on the temperature of the process air)
Scrubber humidifying efficiency
Some industrial processes need more cleaning than a single scrubber can provide. In smell polluted processes, like exhaust air from fish meal or fish feed dryers, bio beds are commonly used. A bio bed, which is an organic organism, require process air with as little dust as possible and temperature and humidity within certain limits.
The humidifying efficiency of the scrubber may be expressed as:
μh = (t1 - t2) / (t1 - tw) 100% (1)
where
μh = scrubber humidifying efficiency (%)
t1 = initial dry bulb temperature (oC)
t2 = final dry bulb temperature (oC)
tw = initial wet bulb temperature (oC)
Scrubber Efficiencies
Typical nozzle scrubber efficiencies
- 60-70 % with one bank of nozzles downstream
- 65-75 % with one bank of nozzles upstream
- 85-100 % with two banks of nozzles
Note! Be aware that low temperature scrubbers can be a potential source for the Legionella disease. Special cleaning and disinfection precautions should always be taken when the temperature in the scrubber is in the 'Legionella range'.
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- Legionella - Legionella pneumophila - bacterium that thrives in water supply systems and air conditioning systems - causing the Legionnairs disease
Tag Search
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Table of Contents.Our Hunt for Deck SoftwareWhen we started looking for deck design software we were amazed at all the options, especially free options. And they’re not bad either for free.
They’ll get you a graphic design of something you want to build. If you’re actually going to build a deck, you may upgrade to a paid software for refinement, but the free will get you started.We’re big fans of design software for all types of projects both inside and outside the home as well as the home itself. While purists may prefer pen, ruler and paper, I think using some of the more robust platforms can actually give you ideas for your designs because they have a huge library of elements you can implement in your drawings.After weeks testing options, we put it all together in a convenient list with screenshots so you can find the right option for your deck project. We organized the options as free vs. Paid, starting with the free options since most people like to test the waters with free software before plunking down a few hundred on premium software. Free Deck Designer Software OptionsIt’s amazing, isn’t it? There are 10 free deck software options.
But, don’t be fooled. They’re selling something. For example, it totally makes sense that Lowe’s offers free software because they want to sell you deck building material. Remember, there’s no free lunch, especially on the internet.Here’s our list 1. Aztek Deck Designer: #1 Free Deck Software (by FAR)Now we’re cooking with gas. Aztekho/Timbertech offers both and options.This is the BEST free deck design software in my view.
It’s fast, has many options, is super easy to use and the level of detail is amazing. Watch the video.Screenshots/Video:Aztek Deck Designer Demo Video. Fiberon Deck VisualizerIf you plan to use Fiberon products, this tool will let you inspect what will go well together. Mix and match with the design software, which you can use for free. First, pick the scene that resembles how the deck you are working on looks like. Then, you can start designing using the products given on the left-hand corner.Configure the deck’s style, color, fascia, railing, and lighting.
You can also modify the exterior wall using the options given. This online software allows users to change how the photo’s house trim looks. When you are done, save your work (needs registration) or you can print it. Paid Deck Design SoftwareBelow is a shorter list of paid deck design software options. These are much more robust than the free platforms, but they aren’t cheap. Only buy if you know for certain you’re going to build a deck or you enjoy playing with design software and it’s worth the cost to you. Landscaping DesignI have Punch!
Complete Software package which includes deck design and landscaping options. You can read our.Overall I’m pleased with Punch!
You have decent options for designing a deck. It’s ideal when designing a home as well because it’s all in one whereas just deck software will only design the deck. So, if you’re designing all of your landscaping, home and deck, something like Punch! Is great to get.One thing I really like about Punch! Is the video tutorials are great and plentiful.Screenshots/Video:Punch Design Software Video Demo.
Home Designer Landscaping Software (Chief Architect)I also have software which includes their landscaping/deck design software. I like the more robust option so I can do, and deck design.It’s quite good; I’m impressed with it. Very robust and great if you’re designing an entire yard and/or home.Like Punch!, there’s a learning curve. I think overall, this is a bit better than Punch!, but it costs more.Watch the deck and landscape design video:Screenshots/Video:Home Designer Chief Architect Software Video Demo. Idea Spectrumis a premium design software that focuses on landscaping, pools, gardens and decks. The graphics are amazing.They offer 3 tiers: Plus, Pro and Architect. What I really like about their pricing is the really expensive option (Architect) only has a few features that only a professional would need such as the ability to put logos on the designs.
This way, a non-professional gets most of the features for far less money. I do strongly recommend you pay an extra $20 for Pro since Pro offers quite a few features that Plus doesn’t have. But, unless you serve clients, Architect tier isn’t necessary. To see all the features you get.With respect to deck design, it comes with a deck wizard. Watch the video:Below are some examples of the landscaping and deck design features:Screenshots/Video:Idea Spectrum Video Demo. Sketchup ProSketchUp Pro is by far the most expensive, but probably the most robust deck and landscaping design software available. It’s $695 USD.
It’s definitely worth the cost if you’re a professional, but I wonder if it’s worth it as a DIY person. It’s a tough call.Actually, there isn’t a “decks-only” version.
You would get the product which includes deck design.The learning curve is steep and long. While Punch!, Home Designer and Idea Spectrum have learning curves, SketchUp pro is less user-intuitive, but if you persist in learning it, you’ll be able to do amazing things.Screenshots/Video:Sketchup Pro Video Demo. ConclusionSadly many deck design software options don’t work very well or at all. We include them to maybe save you time.
We also acknowledge that they may work on other browsers and so if you have another browser, they may be worth trying.Best free option: Aztek by far. It’s amazing. Simple, fast and the detail is awesome.Best paid option: Too close to tell. I like Home Designer, Punch!
And Idea Spectrum equally. Home Designer and Punch!
Scrubber Design Software
Best Drive Scrubber Software
Are good because you can do interiors too; however, you can’t argue with the insanely beautiful details you can design with Idea Spectrum.